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DNS Records and Descriptions

 

DNS (Domain Name System) is the system that translates domain names into IP addresses. For websites to be accessible and for email services to function properly, DNS records must be correctly configured.

 

 

Common Types of DNS Records

 

1. A Record (Address Record)

 

  • Maps a domain name to an IPv4 address.

  • Example: example.com → 192.0.2.1

  • Used to connect websites to their IP addresses.

 

2. AAAA Record

 

  • Maps a domain name to an IPv6 address.

  • Example: example.com → 2001:db8::1

  • Used for connections that support IPv6.

 

3. CNAME Record (Canonical Name)

 

  • Points one domain name to another.

  • Example: www.example.com → example.com

  • Commonly used to redirect subdomains to the main domain.

 

4. MX Record (Mail Exchange)

 

  • Specifies the mail server responsible for receiving emails for the domain.

  • Example: example.com → mail.example.com (priority: 10)

  • Ensures that incoming emails are delivered to the correct server.

 

5. TXT Record (Text Record)

 

  • Stores text information related to the domain.

  • Example: v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all

  • Used for SPF, DKIM, DMARC, and other email verification protocols.

 

6. NS Record (Name Server)

 

  • Indicates which DNS servers manage the domain.

  • Example: example.com → ns1.hostprovider.com

  • Defines the authority for domain-level DNS settings.

 

7. SRV Record (Service Record)

 

  • Provides information about specific services, including the server and port.

  • Example: _sip._tcp.example.com → sipserver.example.com:5060

  • Often used for VoIP and Microsoft services.

 

8. PTR Record (Pointer Record)

 

  • Resolves an IP address to a domain name (reverse lookup).

  • Example: 192.0.2.1 → example.com

  • Commonly used in email server verification to prevent spam.

 

Why Are DNS Records Important?

 

  • Direct traffic to the correct server.

  • Manage and secure email delivery.

  • Enable verification for various security and digital services.

  • Facilitate the use of services like CDN, SSL, and Google Workspace.

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